{"id":"clm_0366AC455DCE","entity":"pdd-holdings","predicate":"research_and_development","value":"1,116,057,000 renminbi","value_json":{"fy":2018,"accn":"0001104659-19-023251","form":"20-F","concept":"us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"},"valid_from":"2018-12-31","valid_to":"2019-12-31","published":null,"recorded":"2026-10-29","confidence":0.95,"status":"superseded","assertable":true,"superseded_by":"clm_39C7287FD5ED","supersedes":["clm_1910B7B397D0"],"first_seen_at":"2026-10-29T19:58:28.444166+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-29T20:02:38.085381+00:00","sources":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1737806/000110465919023251/0001104659-19-023251-index.htm","tier":"primary","publisher":"SEC EDGAR 20-F FY2018","published_at":null}],"evidence":{"by":"sec-filing","on":"2026-10-29","fact":"us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense in 20-F FY2018"},"legend":{"dates":"valid_from: when the claim took effect (a period figure: the day its period closed). published: the earliest day a source on the record published it (a filing's filing date, a post's date; null when no source carries one). recorded: the day AsOf first held it. A figure can take effect weeks before it is published.","why_not":{},"checked_by":{"sec-filing":"parsed from the SEC filing"}}}