# clm_F6A0634AFC11

subject: Linde (/record/linde.md)  
predicate: research_and_development  
value: 113,000,000 United States dollar  
valid_from: 2018-12-31  
valid_to: 2019-12-31  
published: 2019-03-18  
recorded: 2026-11-08  
confidence: 0.95  
status: superseded  
assertable: true  
superseded_by: clm_C20D3FDB5E06  
last_updated: 2026-11-08  
cite: AsOf. "Linde research and development: 113,000,000 United States dollar", as of 2018-12-31 (until 2019-12-31). Claim clm_F6A0634AFC11, https://asof.is/claim/clm_F6A0634AFC11, accessed 2026-11-09. Source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828019003050/0001628280-19-003050-index.htm.  
checked: 2026-11-08 · parsed from the SEC filing  
parsed from: us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense in 10-K FY2018, filed 2019-03-18  

## Sources

- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828019003050/0001628280-19-003050-index.htm (primary, SEC EDGAR 10-K FY2018, published 2019-03-18)

## Supersedes

- [Linde](/record/linde.md) | research_and_development | 93,000,000 United States dollar | valid 2017-12-31 to 2018-12-31 | conf 0.95 | superseded | superseded_by [clm_F6A0634AFC11](/claim/clm_F6A0634AFC11.md) | [clm_AF2201E26E16](/claim/clm_AF2201E26E16.md)

---

AsOf is a temporal fact ledger: a structured, dated, sourced record of what is true and what changed, built for AI retrieval.