# clm_E988625CACD2

subject: IBM (/record/ibm.md)  
predicate: quarterly_research_and_development  
value: 1,587,000,000 United States dollar  
valid_from: 2012-06-30  
valid_to: 2012-09-30  
published: 2012-07-31  
recorded: 2026-10-29  
confidence: 0.95  
status: superseded  
assertable: true  
superseded_by: clm_653CF786F5CF  
last_updated: 2026-10-30  
checked: 2026-10-29 · parsed from the SEC filing  
parsed from: us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense in 10-Q Q2 FY2012, filed 2012-07-31  

## Sources

- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000110465912052637/0001104659-12-052637-index.htm (primary, SEC EDGAR 10-Q Q2 FY2012, published 2012-07-31)

## Supersedes

- [IBM](/record/ibm.md) | quarterly_research_and_development | 1,601,000,000 United States dollar | valid 2012-03-31 to 2012-06-30 | conf 0.95 | superseded | superseded_by [clm_E988625CACD2](/claim/clm_E988625CACD2.md) | [clm_32C1B83DDF4D](/claim/clm_32C1B83DDF4D.md)

---

AsOf is a temporal fact ledger: a structured, dated, sourced record of what is true and what changed, built for AI retrieval.