# clm_8993EACD8F84

subject: Cisco (/record/cisco.md)  
predicate: quarterly_research_and_development  
value: 1,549,000,000 United States dollar  
valid_from: 2018-01-27  
valid_to: 2018-04-28  
confidence: 0.95  
status: superseded  
superseded_by: clm_1A3A4111D57C  
first_seen: 2026-10-28  
last_updated: 2026-10-28  

## Sources

- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/858877/000085887718000004/0000858877-18-000004-index.htm (primary, SEC EDGAR 10-Q Q2 FY2018)

## Supersedes

- [Cisco](/record/cisco.md) | quarterly_research_and_development | 1,567,000,000 United States dollar | valid 2017-10-28 to 2018-01-27 | conf 0.95 | superseded | superseded_by [clm_8993EACD8F84](/claim/clm_8993EACD8F84.md) | [clm_9442604C0073](/claim/clm_9442604C0073.md)
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AsOf is a temporal fact ledger: a structured, dated, sourced record of what is true and what changed, built for AI retrieval.
