# clm_81BB918AF9F5

subject: Shopify (/record/shopify.md)  
predicate: research_and_development  
value: 1,730,000,000 United States dollar  
valid_from: 2023-12-31  
valid_to: 2024-12-31  
published: no source on record carries a date  
recorded: 2026-10-27  
confidence: 0.95  
status: superseded  
assertable: true  
superseded_by: clm_FF7B55ABDE37  
last_updated: 2026-10-29  
checked: 2026-10-29 · parsed from the SEC filing  
parsed from: us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense in 40-F FY2022  

## Sources

- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1594805/000159480524000007/0001594805-24-000007-index.htm (primary, SEC EDGAR 40-F FY2022)

## Supersedes

- [Shopify](/record/shopify.md) | research_and_development | 1,503,234,000 United States dollar | valid 2022-12-31 to 2023-12-31 | conf 0.95 | superseded | superseded_by [clm_81BB918AF9F5](/claim/clm_81BB918AF9F5.md) | [clm_D867B69FB544](/claim/clm_D867B69FB544.md)

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