# clm_12832737FDDB

subject: Alphabet Inc. (/record/alphabet.md)  
predicate: quarterly_research_and_development  
value: 5,039,000,000 United States dollar  
valid_from: 2018-03-31  
valid_to: 2018-06-30  
confidence: 0.95  
status: superseded  
superseded_by: clm_306D862FB655  
first_seen: 2026-10-28  
last_updated: 2026-10-28  

## Sources

- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204418000016/0001652044-18-000016-index.htm (primary, SEC EDGAR 10-Q Q1 FY2018)

## Supersedes

- [Alphabet Inc.](/record/alphabet.md) | quarterly_research_and_development | 4,205,000,000 United States dollar | valid 2017-09-30 to 2018-03-31 | conf 0.95 | superseded | superseded_by [clm_12832737FDDB](/claim/clm_12832737FDDB.md) | [clm_ED3594B3BCE9](/claim/clm_ED3594B3BCE9.md)
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AsOf is a temporal fact ledger: a structured, dated, sourced record of what is true and what changed, built for AI retrieval.
